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A computer system consists of two parts: Hardware and Software. Hardware is any electronic or mechanical part you can see or touch. There are three basic hardware sections: the central processing unit, main memory and peripherals. The CPU consists of three main parts: The control unit, which interprets program instructions, the arithmetic logic unit, which performs calculations, and registers. The program counter keeps track of the next instruction to be executed, while the instruction register holds the current instruction. Main memory includes random access memory, which is volatile and it temporarily stores data, and read-only memory, which is non – volatile and it contains important instructions. Peripherals are the physical units attached to the computer. They include storage devices and input output devices. Storage devices fall into three types: magnetic, which use magnetic fields for reading and writing, optical, which read and write data using a laser, and flash drivers, known for their high read and write speeds. |
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