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| 1 | In 1916 Russell anonymously published a pamphlet Two Years of Hard Labor for Refusers to Obey the Dictates of Conscience in which he defended a persons right to refuse conscription for political or religious reasons. After several people were convicted of distributing it Russell not afraid to lose his credibility disclosed his authorship through the Times and suggested that political freedom in England was becoming a farce. For this the authorities put him on trial. Russell declared that it was not only him who was in the dock but the whole of traditional British freedom. As a result of the trials Russell was fined 100 pounds sterling his library was confiscated, and he was not allowed to go to the United States to lecture. |
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