| 1 |
*** Earthquake |
| 2 |
^ For analysis at least 5 lines |
| 3 |
1. Quantity |
| 4 |
a) Volume |
| 5 |
b) Scope of theme |
| 6 |
- we need cover this theme and others |
| 7 |
- not only this theme |
| 8 |
c) Depth |
| 9 |
2. Quality: |
| 10 |
a) Reliability of sources |
| 11 |
b) right now |
| 12 |
c) Veryfication (подтвержденность, подтверждаемость): we can confirm from other sources |
| 13 |
3. |
| 14 |
a) Context in which the theme exists |
| 15 |
- in context politics |
| 16 |
- in economical |
| 17 |
- in social |
| 18 |
b) Connections |
| 19 |
- everything has connection |
| 20 |
- where and when can it go we don't know |
| 21 |
** Source - 1 |
| 22 |
1. Hi-News.ru -- https://hi-news.ru/eto-interesno/kak-predskazat-zemletryasenie-i-chto-nuzhno-delat-kogda-ono-nachnetsya.html?ysclid=lqqxzo987m511569798 |
| 23 |
^ Reasons of arising |
| 24 |
a) Collision of Litospheric Plates |
| 25 |
- more often than not on the borders of plates |
| 26 |
b) Activities of volcanoes |
| 27 |
c) Extraction of minerals |
| 28 |
d) Construction of reservoirs |
| 29 |
^ Best observings in Japan scientists observes |
| 30 |
a) Deformation of the earth's crust |
| 31 |
b) The state of groundwater |
| 32 |
с) Electromagnetic changes |
| 33 |
^ Additional criterias of arising Earthquakes |
| 34 |
a) weird behaving of animals |
| 35 |
- they might feel light vibrations and infrasound vibrations. |
| 36 |
- ants leave their home |
| 37 |
- toads leave their ponds |
| 38 |
- birds meet together or fly down into water |
| 39 |
- dogs behave unusual |
| 40 |
- cows behave unusual |
| 41 |
b) Light phenomenon in atmosphere |
| 42 |
- they can also appear before geomagnetic storms |
| 43 |
- it is counted that light columns can appear because of gases which goes out of earth's crack (tension between the rocks in the end of the earth). |
| 44 |
- there can be electization between gazes on the surface of the earth. |
| 45 |
c) small tremors |
| 46 |
- they can be only 5-10% of the earthquake |
| 47 |
- but if they're with animals and light phenomenon, it's a serious sign |
| 48 |
d) changing level of ground water |
| 49 |
^ Important facts |
| 50 |
a) In Turkey litospheric plates shifted for 3 meters. |
| 51 |
b) on average any earthquake longs 5 - 20 seconds. |
| 52 |
* Source 1.1 -- Hi-News.ru |
| 53 |
^ Why the earthquake in Turkey and Syria was so deadly -- https://hi-news.ru/eto-interesno/pochemu-zemletryasenie-v-turcii-i-sirii-okazalos-nastolko-smertonosnym.html |
| 54 |
^ |
| 55 |
a) February 2023. Earthquak on the south-east of Turkey and Syria |
| 56 |
- died > 20 000 |
| 57 |
b) Earthquakes helped oceans and the earth's crust to arise. |
| 58 |
- going out water vapor, ammonia, carbon dioxide. |
| 59 |
^ The internal structure of the Earth |
| 60 |
a) the earth's crust |
| 61 |
- from 5 km (on the bottom of the ocean) to 70 km (on land) |
| 62 |
- basically, consists of limestone and granite. |
| 63 |
b) the Mantle |
| 64 |
- width about 3000 km |
| 65 |
- basically, magnesium and iron |
| 66 |
с) the outer core |
| 67 |
- the temperature is 4400 - 5000 C |
| 68 |
- iron and nickel |
| 69 |
- important, because makes and supports the magnetic field. |
| 70 |
d) the inner core |
| 71 |
- iron and nickel as well, but because of huge pressure, it's solid |
| 72 |
- the temperature is 5000 C |
| 73 |
e) plus tectonic plates |
| 74 |
- combination of the earth's crust and the outer mantle |
| 75 |
- tectonic plates constantly slowly move |
| 76 |
- places of their touching are called the fault |
| 77 |
- a moment of collision gives earthquake. |
| 78 |
^ Where most often earthquakes happen. |
| 79 |
a) Over 80% large earthquakes happen in 'Pacific Ring of Fire' |
| 80 |
- about 40 000 km |
| 81 |
- most seismic and volcanic zone in the world |
| 82 |
^ Dictionary |
| 83 |
a) Magnitude -- power of earthquake |
| 84 |
b) the intensity of the tremors depends on |
| 85 |
- geographical place |
| 86 |
- the amount of energy released |
| 87 |
- distance |
| 88 |
c) aftershock -- it's a repeated earthquake shock |
| 89 |
d) subduction -- when one plate is going under the second one |
| 90 |
^ Additional |
| 91 |
с) the strongest magnitude 9.5 happened in Chile in 1960 |
| 92 |
a) over the past quarter century huge earthquakes have happened |
| 93 |
- Himalayas |
| 94 |
- China |
| 95 |
- Pakistan |
| 96 |
- Japan |
| 97 |
- Indonesia |
| 98 |
- Chile |
| 99 |
- Haiti |
| 100 |
- took several 10 000 lives |
| 101 |
b) Indonesia in 2004 earthquake of magnitude 9.1 became the reason of tsunami |
| 102 |
- 227 898 people died or disapeared |
| 103 |
^ Earthquakes in Turkey and Sirya |
| 104 |
a) according to professor technological university of Georgia Karl Lung |
| 105 |
- over 25 years there have been 7 strong earthquakes because of location along tectonic plates |
| 106 |
b) in February 2023 became the strongest in the Middle East for the last century |
| 107 |
- the strongest happened to the north of initial for 95 km distance |
| 108 |
- about 6000 houses crashed |
| 109 |
c) the reason of earthquake is shift of Anatolian and Arabian plates |
| 110 |
- the Arabian plate's pressed Anatolian for 100 years |
| 111 |
- the tension along fault was increasing all the time. |
| 112 |
- about shifting informed researches from Italy |
| 113 |
d) Shifting litospheric plates mean moving to the sourth-east for 5 meters relatively Syria |
| 114 |
- it gave lots of aftershocks in the world |
| 115 |
** Suggestions for benefits |
| 116 |
a) Setting additional equipment for decreasing the loss of lives. |
| 117 |
b) Crop Yeild Estimation |
| 118 |
- prediction of drought and so on |
Комментарии